Lance Wallach - 401(k), Expert Witness Services

Lance Wallach - 401(k), Expert Witness Services

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    Lance Wallach 401(k)
    The IRS audited plaintiffs’ plan
    and concluded that the plan failed to comply with § 412(i)(3) because it was
    “overfunded.”

    The United States District Court for the Northern District of Texas recently
    issued several important decisions in MDL No. 1983, a multidistrict
    litigation proceeding designed to address claims related to employee
    benefit plans created under § 412(i) and § 419 of the Internal Revenue Code. For
    example, in two similar § 419 cases, the Court reaffirmed its earlier rulings and
    dismissed plaintiffs’ fraud-based claims with prejudice. The Court concluded
    that the allegations that plaintiffs were induced to establish § 419 plans based
    on allegedly fraudulent representations that the plans would be valid and
    subject to favorable future tax consequences were simply non‑actionable
    statements of opinion or predictions of future action. The Court explained
    that because plaintiffs could identify no law or IRS guidance that made
    plaintiffs’ § 419 plan illegal when the policies were sold, “any representations
    or omissions made … about the tax benefits or legality of the plans were not
    false when made but rather non-actionable opinions or predictions regarding
    future IRS enforcement.”

    On a related note, the United States District Court for the Southern District
    of Florida recently granted the defendant insurer’s motion for final summary
    judgment in a lawsuit relating to the use of insurance policies to fund defined
    benefit pension plans under § 412(i) of the Internal Revenue Code. In that
    case, plaintiffs established a § 412(i) pension plan and purchased insurance
    policies issued by the insurer to fund the plan. The IRS audited plaintiffs’ plan
    and concluded that the plan failed to comply with § 412(i)(3) because it was
    “overfunded.” Plaintiffs sued, arguing that the insurance policy was unsuitable
    for use in a § 412(i) plan. However, the court concluded that the § 412(i) plan’s
    alleged noncompliance with § 412(i) was not caused by any incompatibility
    between the insurance policy and § 412(i). Rather, the IRS concluded the
    plan violated § 412(i)(3) because plaintiffs purchased too much insurance and
    overfunded the plan – a point which plaintiffs’ own expert conceded.

    Plaintiffs also argued that the insurer had guaranteed that plaintiffs’ § 412(i) plan
    would comply with § 412(i). However, the Court concluded that the insurer made no such promise and, to the contrary,
    repeatedly disclosed that it did not establish or administer § 412(i) plans; guaran

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